Sadykova, A., Iskakova, M., Ismailova, G., Orazgaliyeva, Z., Kozhakhmetova, E. and Nurtazina, Z. (2025) “Impact of HOT Instruction on Knowledge and Comprehension in Chemistry and Biology for Middle School Students”, Qubahan Academic Journal, 5(1), pp. 447–460. doi: 10.48161/qaj.v5n1a1290.