Selvamani, Rosshini, and Yusliza Yusoff. “Effectiveness of the Spatial Domain Techniques in Digital Image Steganography”. Qubahan Academic Journal 4, no. 1 (March 31, 2024): 341–350. Accessed September 21, 2025. https://journal.qubahan.com/index.php/qaj/article/view/456.