Qubahan Academic Journal

Ovarian Tumor Detection Using Machine Learning Algorithms and Local Texture Features

2025-07-25T10:40:31+00:00

Ovarian cancer (OC) is considered the fifth leading cause of death among women globally, and early detection of ovarian cancer symptoms will be vital for ovarian cancer treatment. Its detection via image-based clinical diagnosis is often prone to misclassification. Therefore, this study proposes using machine learning methods to reduce such errors and deliver faster and more accurate results. Two ovarian tumor datasets consisting of ultrasound images were analyzed using nine machine learning classification algorithms. To reduce the extracted features derived from four pre-trained convolutional networks and five texture-based features to fewer than 50. A hierarchical feature selection method was proposed, combining the ReliefF filter algorithm in the first stage and ten metaheuristic algorithms in the second stage. The results showed that ensemble algorithms, such as LightGBM, achieved a high accuracy of over 95% in diagnosing various types of ovarian tumors using both 2D and 3D ultrasound images. Among the feature selection approaches, the combination of ReliefF and Quantum Approximate Neighbourhood Analysis (QANA) yielded the best performance. Experimental findings on real datasets show that the suggested method not only preserves data confidentiality but also yields excellent performance in early and precise detection of OC.

Ethical and Legal Challenges of Implementing AI in Science and Math Education in Central Asia

2025-07-22T13:23:44+00:00

This study aims to examine the ethical and legal challenges associated with the integration of Artificial Intelligence in Education (AIEd), focusing on science and mathematics teachers across Central Asia, particularly in Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, and Tajikistan. A mixed-methods approach was employed. Quantitative data were collected through a structured survey from N = 341 educators, stratified by country, gender, age, and AI usage experience. The survey assessed perceptions of legal and ethical issues using a five-point Likert scale. Statistical analysis included ANOVA, Pearson correlation, and effect size calculations (Cohen’s d). Findings revealed statistically significant differences in ethical awareness levels across countries (p < .01), with Kazakhstan showing the highest average score (M = 4.12, SD = 0.67) on AI-related ethical literacy. The effect size was moderate (Cohen’s d = 0.54) when comparing gender-based ethical concerns. Additionally, 64% of respondents expressed serious concerns about student data privacy, while 71% supported the need for formal AI ethics training. Qualitative interviews (N = 18) uncovered recurring themes such as lack of legal frameworks, teacher autonomy dilemmas, and algorithmic bias in grading systems. The study highlights a critical need for policy interventions and professional development targeting ethical and legal dimensions of AIEd in post-Soviet education systems. Findings underscore the urgency of developing culturally responsive guidelines to safeguard equity, transparency, and trust in AI-driven pedagogical environments. These results contribute to the global discourse on AI in education and offer evidence-based insights for local policymakers.

Exploratory Study on the Role of Digitalization in Improving the External Audit Quality in Public Institutions: Evidence from Morocco

2025-06-14T10:44:24+00:00

This study aims to understand the relationship between digitalization and the quality of external audit in public institutions, especially in the context of a developing country like Morocco. The paper adopts a qualitative approach in the form of interviews with stakeholders such as auditors, researchers and finance specialists. Data analysis was performed using NVIVO version 15 software. The results of the study show that digitalization impacts audit quality, particularly through the competence of the auditor. Indeed, this revolution pushes the practitioners of the profession to rise in theoretical and practical competency and adopt new technological tools in order to derive the best benefit from them within the scope of their mission. In addition, the relationship between digitalization and auditing can have both benefits and disadvantages mainly linked to the risk of data confidentiality and loss of human contact with the audited entity. Based on these findings, recommendations were made to ensure that the use of technology is fully aligned with the auditor’s objectives and the customer’s aspiration. The main novelty of this study is the adoption of a qualitative analysis for studying the intersection of digitalization and external audit quality in the public sector, specifically in a developing country like Morocco where the research is limited. This study is timely given the increase in the adoption of technology tools both in the public sector and in the field of audit.

Fostering Entrepreneurial Competencies in Higher Education: Trends, Challenges, Legal Issues and Impacts on Student Success

2025-05-30T11:56:38+00:00

In an age where innovation and adaptability define economic success, the development of entrepreneurial competencies in higher education has become both a priority and a necessity. While prior research has extensively documented the effectiveness of experiential learning in fostering entrepreneurial mindsets, few studies bridge the expectations of such training with its real-world institutional challenges. This study contributes to that dialogue by examining how structured entrepreneurship education at ISFT Institute affects students' entrepreneurial self-efficacy, business creation rates, and employability. Drawing from a sample of 162 students and combining qualitative and quantitative data, the findings indicate that hands-on learning significantly outperforms traditional theoretical instruction in nurturing entrepreneurial intent. Notably, access to mentorship and industry networks amplifies these effects. However, despite these gains, the study underscores persistent challenges, including limited funding, fragmented policy implementation, and faculty resistance, which create a misalignment between policy ambition and operational reality. The absence of a significant research gap in the literature emphasizes the urgency for translating well-documented strategies into practice. This paper argues that a holistic, interdisciplinary approach—paired with regulatory and institutional reforms is critical to achieving the full potential of entrepreneurship education in higher education institutions.

A Survey of Security Threats and Challenges Related To 5G Networks in Saudi Arabia

2025-05-01T10:59:21+00:00

Purpose: The widespread adoption of 5G technologies has introduced critical security challenges across cloud infrastructures, user equipment, and the Internet of Things (IoT). This study aims to evaluate and quantify perceived risk levels of diverse 5G-related security threats within the Saudi Arabian context, offering localized insight into regional vulnerabilities. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was distributed among 398 cybersecurity professionals across Saudi Arabia, with 375 valid responses analyzed. The study assessed multiple threat dimensions including privacy breaches, communication link attacks, and cloud-IoT security concerns. Additionally, 15 expert interviews were conducted to enrich the findings with qualitative perspectives. Statistical methods included descriptive analysis, logistic regression, Welch’s t-test, and ANOVA to evaluate risk perception across different sectors and regions. Results: The analysis revealed high perceived risks associated with routing attacks (Mean = 4.12), impersonation (Mean = 3.99), and Denial of Service (DoS) threats (Mean = 3.85). Broader challenges included vulnerabilities in user equipment (Mean = 4.43), lack of specialized tools or training (Mean = 4.35), and decentralized security concerns (Mean = 4.11). Experience level was found to significantly predict DoS threat perception (p < 0.01), while Saudi participants rated risks higher than their EU and U.S. counterparts (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The study concludes that user-device security, cloud integration issues, and insufficient regulatory mechanisms are primary areas of concern. By incorporating region-specific factors—such as extreme environmental conditions and regulatory immaturity—the paper offers actionable recommendations including AI-enhanced detection, Zero Trust frameworks, and sector-specific policy enhancements. These findings contribute to a more resilient and context-aware 5G security posture aligned with Saudi Arabia’s Vision 2030 objectives.

The Impact of Adopting the Sustainability Balanced Scorecard (SBSC) by Audit Clients on the External Auditor’s Assessment of Internal Control Risk: An Empirical Study.

2025-05-01T08:43:20+00:00

This study aimed to examine the impact of audit clients’ adoption of the Sustainability Balanced Scorecard (SBSC) on the external auditor’s assessment of internal control risk. To achieve the objectives of this study and test its hypotheses, the researchers reviewed 50 audit engagements conducted by two auditing firms operating in the Middle East (UAE, KSA, Jordan, Lebanon, Syria). The data necessary to measure the dependent variable - control risk for these engagements - was obtained using specific matrices. Additionally, the independent variable (SBSC) was measured using a model developed by the researchers, which incorporates the five dimensions of the SBSC. Subsequently, the data were analyzed, and the study's hypotheses were tested using regression analysis through the SPSS software. The statistical tests revealed that clients’ adoption and use of the SBSC in measuring their strategic performance led to a reduced auditor assessment of control risk associated with the client. This, in turn, has favorable implications for the audit process overall.

AI Driven Talent Acquisition: Integrating Agile and Lean Six Sigma for Process Optimization and Candidate Experience

2025-04-21T19:40:23+00:00

The recruitment landscape is changing, as Agile project management, Lean Six Sigma, and Artificial Intelligence (AI) are integrated together. This paper examines how the integration of these three methodologies enhances talent acquisition efficiency, reduces waste, and brings recruitment processes into line with organizational objectives. Agile project management helps create adaptability and collaboration; Lean Six Sigma reduces process inefficiencies; and AI automates routine tasks and provides data-driven insights. The descriptive and analytical research design used was for gathering data from 250 candidates and 100 interviewers by applying purposive sampling, and analyzed through statistical tools. Results indicated significant decreases in recruitment cost, time-to-hire, and candidate waiting times that ensured enhanced candidate satisfaction and better fit to the organizational objectives. This research highlights the importance of combining Agile, Lean Six Sigma, and AI in creating efficient, inclusive, and candidate-centric recruitment processes, offering a framework for organizations to achieve their talent acquisition goals in a dynamic business environment.

Artificial Intelligence in Education: Analysis and Assessment of Legal Knowledge Using AI Tools

2025-08-05T06:51:18+00:00

This study explores the ethical and legal implications of integrating artificial intelligence (AI) into science and mathematics education, with a specific focus on legal pedagogy in the Central Asian context. The primary aim is to analyses how AI technologies intersect with existing educational and legal frameworks and to investigate the perceptions of educators and students regarding AI's use in academic environments. The research addresses a notable gap in global literature by incorporating perspectives from Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, and Kyrgyzstan—regions often underrepresented in AI and education discourse. A mixed-methods approach was employed, combining a structured questionnaire distributed to 341 participants and a qualitative assessment of open-ended responses. The study examined ethical concerns such as algorithmic bias, transparency, and student privacy, as well as legal dimensions related to consent, data protection, and institutional responsibility. AI tools used in legal education were evaluated through both user experience and pedagogical effectiveness, and results were categorized based on demographic variables such as age, gender, occupation, and prior AI exposure. Findings reveal substantial optimism toward AI's capacity to personalize learning and enhance analytical thinking, though participants expressed strong concerns about ethical oversight, legal ambiguity, and unequal access to technology. The study's significance lies in its contextual specificity and the development of a regionally grounded framework for ethical AI deployment in education. Recommendations include clear institutional guidelines, targeted teacher training, and the adoption of AI systems that align with legal norms and moral standards in education. The study contributes a practical roadmap for policymakers and educators navigating AI adoption within diverse legal traditions.

The Impact of Consumer Behavior on the Formation of Sustainable Development Strategies of Companies in the Context of Digitalization and Virtualization

2025-07-31T16:51:22+00:00

Market shifts such as the growth of the urban middle class and the increasing number of women in the labor force are changing consumer habits, while the rise in education and digital literacy has expanded consumer engagement online. The article presents a conceptual model of interaction between consumers and companies in a virtual environment that ensures the effective implementation of sustainable development principles in business processes. The purpose of this study is to develop and empirically validate a conceptual model of consumer-company interaction in the digital environment that facilitates corporate adaptation to sustainability demands. To achieve this, a mixed-methods approach was used, including an expert survey and correlation analysis of 50 companies. The results demonstrate a statistically significant relationship between virtual consumer activity and companies' sustainability indicators, confirming the model’s relevance and predictive potential. The study concludes that informed and active consumers play a transformative role in shaping sustainable business strategies in the context of digitalization and labor market evolution.

The Strengthening Fraud Prevention in Higher Education: An Empirical Study of Internal Control System and Good University Governance

2025-06-07T11:11:49+00:00

This research investigates how internal control systems and Good University Governance (GUG) influence fraud prevention in higher education institutions in Eastern Indonesia. Various instances of fraud in Indonesian universities have been attributed to the Internal Supervisory Unit (SPI), which plays a crucial role in enforcing GUG. The study adopts a quantitative approach with purposive sampling to analyze a mediating model involving internal control systems, fraud prevention, and GUG. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with the Partial Least Squares (PLS) method was employed for data analysis. The findings demonstrate that both GUG and the implementation of internal control systems significantly contribute to fraud prevention. Moreover, the research highlights the indirect effect, where GUG acts as a mediator between internal control systems and fraud prevention. The results emphasize the importance of incorporating robust governance practices to reduce fraud in educational institutions in Indonesia.

Ideational Meaning of Material Process in EFL Students’ Problem-Solving Text: A Frame of Systemic Functional Linguistics

2025-06-19T19:06:05+00:00

The background of this research is centered on the writing text of students learning English as a Foreign Language (EFL) in Eastern Indonesia, where students face challenges in expressing their ideas because of the lack of effective teaching methods. This study aims to improve EFL students' problem-solving text writing and express their idea by helping them develop ideas grounded in their personal experiences. To achieve this, the research focuses on analysing ideational meaning through transitivity, participants, processes, and circumstances, in Systemic Functional Linguistics, to know students’ ideas through writing. Qualitative and quantitative method were used to analyze the data. The main result adduces ideational meanings in material process represent problems and solutions, such as indifference, defection, negligence, abandonment, laziness, fatigue, breakthrough, hope, struggle, persistence, pride, achievement, determination, courage, and encouragement. Most frequently used participant is I, referring to most of these students and the problems and solutions they face and implement. The most widely used circumstances are time and accompaniment. This research result is different from the theory raised by Gerot and Wignell, which state that the most dominant circumstances and tense in expository text are time, cause and present. Additionally, past tense forms are observed in some clauses in the problem-solution texts. The theoretical contribution of this study is to apply SFL as a model of language use that use material processes to obtain ideational meaning as a function, while the practical contribution is to help students be more courageous in writing English and to express their ideas, experiences and goals more easily. The pedagogical contribution of this study is to apply SFL as a model and use descriptive language to examine how linguistic choices reflect social contexts and their functions in students' lives in advancing their learning.

A Proposed Model for Policies and Procedural Tasks to Develop Curriculum in General Education Stages Based on Beauchamp’s Model of Curriculum Engineering

2025-03-18T20:17:03+00:00

This research aimed to construct a model for curriculum development in general-education stages that incorporates clear and specific policies and procedural tasks by adopting an approach aligned with Beauchamp’s Curriculum Engineering Model as a potential alternative to the model currently applied in Saudi Arabia. To achieve this, a descriptive-analytical methodology was employed via a survey review of the scientific literature on curriculum development and Beauchamp’s Curriculum Engineering Model. In light of these reviews, a proposed curriculum-development model was constructed, comprising four phases: planning, implementation, follow-up and evaluation. A corresponding list of policies and procedural tasks was then developed and presented in the form of a closed-open questionnaire. The Delphi Technique was applied by submitting this list to five purposively selected curriculum and instruction experts over two rounds, with individual discussions held after each round. The findings yielded a model grounded in curriculum-engineering principles based on analytical and inferential literature reviews and identified 24 procedural policies encompassing 66 procedural tasks across the planning, implementation, follow-up and evaluation phases. Finally, the research recommended that these policies and tasks be reviewed, refined and approved by the relevant curriculum authorities and thereafter employed in curriculum design and development processes.

Transforming Education in Saudi Arabia: Unlocking Success Through Innovative Teaching

2025-07-03T13:26:44+00:00

The aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of Innovative pedagogical approaches on student engagement with institutional support and characteristics as the moderating factors. This paper employs quantitative approach in evaluating the flipped classroom, project-based learning, blended learning, experiential learning, and technology integration in increasing students’ engagement. The target population of the present study is the student and teachers of colleges and Universities of Saudi Arabia from different socio-economic strata. A stratified random sampling technique was used to ensure that participants were drawn from different education level and socio-economic status and after screening the participants, 370 participants were selected. The data were gathered by means of a structured questionnaire which has been adapted from other similar studies. The findings reveal that innovative pedagogical approaches significantly enhance student engagement, with institutional support and students' characteristics positively moderating this relationship. These findings highlight the need for institutional investment and learner-centered strategies to improve engagement and learning outcomes. The study underscores the importance of adopting modern teaching methods and providing robust institutional support to maximize student engagement. The study therefore calls for implementation of contemporary teaching practices and full support of institutions in order to enhance student learning. Additional research should consider higher-level outcomes of these findings and include mixed-methods research to better capture the nature of students’ engagement within learning environments.

Improving Georeferencing Accuracy in Drone Imagery: Combining Drone Camera Angles with High and Variable Fields of View

2025-04-02T12:07:14+00:00

Georeferencing ascertains the relation of the image or map being used by fixing it onto real-world coordinates estranging the world into sectors which is crucial for purposes such as mapping, surveying, monitoring the environment, and analyzing traffic speed. For accurate analysis and effective decision-making, all drone images and footage necessitate accurate and precise spatial computations vis-a-vis their ground position. In this work, we present a novel mapping process based on drone controlling data including telemetry like coordinates with accompanying GPS, mounted height, drone position, and horizontal and vertical fields of view. The technique applies lens distortion and geographical curvature compensation to the coordinate changing processes. It computes the offsets toward East-West and North-South by summing up slant range with viewing angle of the camera. A point of interest marked as a POI is set in the image where the coordinates that are supposed to be validated are also accepted as real coordinates by GPS. Testing proven that there is a differing benefit in accuracy of mapped images, distance relative to their terrain positions and their devices. The proposed approach further shows a quantitative improvement of 12.50% to 75.0% in the geolocation error reduction claimed. It was achieved by the decrease of MAE from 0.108 km to 0.055 km while RMSE was lowered from 0.111 km to 0.057 km indicating the reliability of the method. The study offers a strong, geometry-driven approach for drone image georeferencing that surpasses conventional techniques. It offers a scalable, accurate, and less labour-intensive substitute for spatial positioning by using FOV parameters and real-time telemetry data. Improved georeferencing accuracy ensures precise spatial data integration, and supports accurate image-frame alignment. Its integration into geospatial workflows enhances situational awareness and decision-making in traffic control, urban development, and environmental observation. This paper stresses the importance of FOV correction for the greater drone geospatial analysis system performance.

The Metaphor from an Evil to a Lover: Changes in Ancient Chinese Society through the Image of Cui Yingying in The Romance of the West Chamber (9th to 17th Century AD)

2025-04-02T12:21:07+00:00

This study examines the evolution of Cui Yingying’s image in The Romance of the Western Chamber to analyze the construction of female identity amid China’s sociocultural transformations from the 9th to 17th century. Through comparative textual analysis and gender theory, the paper traces Yingying’s transformation from a negatively portrayed figure in the Tang Dynasty—often labeled as a seductress, Youwu (尤物), abandoned woman, or prostitute—to the Yuan Dynasty’s reimagined heroine in Wang Shifu’s adaptation: a bold, intelligent, and emotionally complex woman who challenges societal norms. By the Ming Dynasty, the story’s widespread adaptation into prints and vernacular literature solidified its status as a cultural icon, epitomizing the idealized narrative of “lovers finally getting married.”The findings reveal that Yingying’s shifting image reflects the interplay of Confucian ethics, patriarchal values, and economic shifts within Chinese Society. The rise of citizen culture in the Ming Dynasty further reshaped female subjectivity through operatic adaptations. This process offers a significant case study for understanding the evolution of gender ideology in pre-modern China.

Beyond Knowledge: Measuring the Impact of Cultural Intelligence and Legal Literacy on Student Performance in Global Educational Assessments

2025-03-05T21:25:56+00:00

This analysis examines the influence of Cultural Intelligence (CQ) and Legal Literacy (LL) on student outcomes in international educational assessments, specifically focusing on PISA and TIMSS. Objective: The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the extent to which CQ and LL affect students' abilities to effectively engage with international standardized testing formats and to suggest methodologies for the integration of these competencies into educational curricula. This study investigates the impact of Cultural Intelligence (CQ) and Legal Literacy (LL) on student performance in international standardized assessments, specifically PISA and TIMSS. A quantitative research design was employed, with data collected from 804 students across 39 classrooms in five countries. CQ was assessed using the Cultural Intelligence Scale (CQS), and LL was measured via a validated Legal Literacy Index (LLI). Student scores from PISA and TIMSS were then analyzed using hierarchical linear modeling (HLM) to account for both individual and classroom-level variables. The analysis revealed that higher CQ scores were significantly associated with improved adaptability, critical thinking, and problem-solving skills in PISA tests (β = 0.45, p < 0.01). LL demonstrated a greater effect on legal-reasoning and analytical items in PISA (β = 0.29, p < 0.05) and had a moderate positive correlation with TIMSS scores (β = 0.38, p < 0.05), particularly in contexts involving civic or legal content. Both competencies had independent, positive effects, even after controlling for demographic and class-level factors. Schools that actively integrated CQ and LL training into their curriculum saw the greatest overall improvement in student performance on global assessments. These findings provide evidence for embedding CQ and LL skills in education policy and curriculum design to enhance students’ global assessment outcomes and readiness for an interconnected workforce. The implications of this study underscore the critical importance of incorporating CQ and LL into educational curricula through interdisciplinary approaches, hands-on learning experiences, and comprehensive teacher training programs. Educational policymakers are encouraged to prioritize these competencies to improve student performance on an international scale. This research presents an outline for educational institutions aimed at developing graduates who are both culturally competent and legally informed, thereby enhancing their global competitiveness.

Innovating Human Capital Development: The Role of Education, Law, and Economics Through Digital Transformation

2025-03-01T17:50:24+00:00

In an era increasingly shaped by digital transformation and artificial intelligence, the formation of human capital in education and legal systems faces both novel opportunities and complex challenges. This study investigates how digital technologies particularly AI-driven platforms and e-learning ecosystems are reshaping legal education and professional preparedness in post-Soviet contexts. Utilizing a comparative-analytical methodology, the research examines policy documents, curriculum structures, and digital tool integration in legal and educational institutions across Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, and Kyrgyzstan. Findings reveal that while digital platforms enhance accessibility and efficiency in legal education, they also expose significant gaps in ethical training, digital competencies, and cultural alignment. Specifically, AI adoption has outpaced legal educators' capacity to embed critical digital literacy and ethical awareness into training programs. To address these shortcomings, the study proposes an original framework for Digitally Mediated Legal Human Capital Development, which integrates socio-cultural, technological, and ethical dimensions. The research underscores the urgent need for educational policymakers and academic leaders to reconceptualize human capital development through the lens of digital equity, localized legal culture, and algorithmic accountability. These findings carry implications not only for Central Asia but for broader global efforts to harmonize digital transformation with ethical and culturally grounded educational reform.

Inclusive Education in Science: Factors Influencing the Development of Reflective Thinking and Problem-Solving

2025-06-19T18:51:34+00:00

The study was to explore the relationship of communication, teacher scaffolding, collaborative learning, and learning diversity to students' reflective thinking and problem-solving in science learning. Through the utilization of quantitative research design and Structural Equation Modelling (SEM), this study collected data from 317 students in six secondary schools by using a validated questionnaire. The findings of this study show that communication has a positive impact on reflective thinking and problem solving, highlighting the role of teachers and students dialogue in enhancing students’ cognitive development. Teacher scaffolding positively influences reflective thinking, but has a negative effect on problem solving, hence indicating the need for a balance between teachers guidance and students autonomy. Collaborative learning enhances reflective thinking, although it shows a limited impact on problem solving. In addition, the significance of inclusive educational practices is suggested because the factors of learning diversity have a quasi-significant effect on reflective thinking. The integrative analysis used in this study produces new insights into combined impacts of communication, teacher scaffolding, collaborative learning, and learning diversity in science classrooms and suggests practical implications for improving the use of efficient instructional strategies that promote students’ cognitive competencies in learning science.

Threads of Unity: Elevating Performance and Commitment in Weaving Cooperatives

2025-03-21T11:56:14+00:00

Weaving cooperative societies provide an important role in conserving traditional weaving practices, while creating jobs for many artisans. The study examines some baseline HRM practices such as training and development, performance appraisal, and compensation and reward packages among others. It examines how these HRM practices shape employee satisfaction, commitment, and organizational performance within the workplace. Using a quantitative research design, this study collected primary data using structured questionnaires from handloom weaving co-operative societies with 750 weavers. This study used exploratory factor analysis, regression analysis and structural equation modelling (SEM) to examine and understand the relationships between HRM practices and employee outcomes. The findings of this study highlighted the importance of having strong HRM practices to improve employee commitment and performance. Such HRM practices significantly improve organizational performance and sustainability in the weaving industry. By having an emphasis on continuous skill improvement with regular defined training opportunities, where appraisal systems are defined, measured and rewarded and remuneration which is competitive, weaving cooperative societies can facilitate the work engagement and job satisfaction of workers. The study underscored the need for tailored HRM practices that meet the distinct needs of cooperative members as a mechanism to organizational success. The elucidation provided by this study can offer other cooperatives an HR process framework to further develop their HRM practices, resulting in a motivated and committed workforce as well as providing what are very much needed continuance of the traditional weaving culture as a source of economic activity.

The Impact of Business Intelligence on E-Learning at Technical University

2025-07-20T23:02:32+00:00

This study explores the effect of Business Intelligence (BI) on the effectiveness of E-learning systems within technical universities. With the increasing metamorphosis of the world of education into a digital one, the role of BI tools in the enhancement of decision-making processes, monitoring of the students, and the improvement of academic processes have become pivotal. The study adopts a quantitative, descriptive-correlational research design involving 385 faculty members and structured questionnaires to measure the influence of BI dimensions Analytical Capability, Data Quality and Accessibility, and Infrastructure and Technical Support on E-learning metrics like Learning Outcomes, Student Engagement, and Organizational Support. Findings show strong correlations between the BI dimensions and the success of E-learning, with the greatest emphasis on Analytical Capability and Data Quality. These results highlight the importance of educational institutions strategically utilizing their data and improving their analytic frameworks rather than concentrating solely on the technical aspects of the institution’s infrastructure. The study also demonstrated that the integration of BI into educational frameworks, particularly within technical universities, improves E-learning systems by fostering personalized learning, providing proactive interventions, and much more, thus making a compelling case.

Strategic Financial Decision-Making Among Young Indonesian Investors: A Behavioral Perspective on Cryptocurrency Reinvestment

2025-06-19T18:48:53+00:00

This study investigates behavioral factors that shape the intention to reinvest in cryptocurrency among young investors in Jakarta, Indonesia. The research adopts a conceptual framework based on the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) and the Theory of Interpersonal Behavior (TIB), combining rational variables such as financial literacy and financial influencer with emotional variables including swift benefit and cognitive biases. A total of 528 valid responses were collected through an online survey and analyzed using PLS-SEM. The results indicate that positive sentiment (β = 0.477) and control belief (β = 0.331) have a significant impact on reinvestment intention. Emotional factors show stronger indirect effects through these mediators compared to rational factors. In addition, perceived technological advancement plays a moderating role by significantly enhancing the effect of control belief on reinvestment intention (β = 0.208), while reducing the influence of positive sentiment (β = -0.458). These findings suggest that emotional responses are more dominant than rational evaluations in guiding reinvestment decisions in volatile digital markets. The integration of TPB and TIB provides a theoretical contribution to the field of behavioral finance and offers practical recommendations for improving investor literacy, platform engagement strategies, and regulatory support in the cryptocurrency ecosystem.

Measuring Socioeconomic Disparities in Out-of-Pocket Healthcare Expenditure: Evidence from Saudi Arabia

2025-05-21T20:35:31+00:00

This study aims to identify the determinants of healthcare expenditures and their impacts on the livelihoods of urban populations in Riyadh in Saudi Arabia. Employing quantitative econometric methods, specifically ordinary least squares (OLS) regression on data from the 2018 Saudi Arabia Household Income and Expenditure Survey (HIES) and is further supported by the WHO-based Global Health Reviews Living Standard Measurement Survey (LSMS) the findings reveal that insurance membership does not significantly lower out-of-pocket healthcare expenditure (OOPHE), which reflects limitations in existing programs such as high deductibles, cost-sharing requirements, and restricted coverage that leave households exposed to substantial healthcare costs. In addition, the study finds that higher average monthly income is associated with increased OOPHE, indicating that wealthier households tend to utilize a broader range of both essential and elective healthcare services, leading to higher expenditures despite their greater financial capacity. Healthcare spending variation is also driven by demographic factors. Further, male-headed households do not show a statistically significant effect but female-headed, households with young children, and larger households incur more OOPHE. Indeed, it indicates that other factors such as socioeconomic and familial dynamics are instrumental in shaping the healthcare costs. These findings thus emphasize the imperative for policymakers not only to increase insurance coverage but also to reframe insurance designs to be more protective and financially comprehensive. Possibilities include the reduction of cost-sharing requirements, lowering deductibles, and expanding the range of services covered to better protect vulnerable populations. Research using longitudinal data should examine whether improvements in insurance design contribute to reductions in OOPHE over time.

Research on Innovation and Entrepreneurship Education Model in Art Colleges: Constructing a One Body Three in One Model

2025-04-16T17:26:36+00:00

Balancing artistic creativity with market demands presents unique challenges in fostering innovation and entrepreneurship within art institutions. This study evaluates the 'One Body Three in One' model’s effectiveness in enhancing students' entrepreneurial competencies and examines its development over time. Within a cohesive institutional framework, this model integrates three primary dimensions: entrepreneurship incubation, industry collaboration, and creative practice. Using a grounded theory approach, this study conducts in-depth interviews with five senior lecturers and five successful entrepreneurs, followed by a survey of 3,214 art students. Drawing on the Triple Helix Model and Experiential Learning Theory, this study develops semi-structured interview instruments and questionnaires. The instrument was validated by five art education experts and subsequently tested on thirty art college students in China. Based on the qualitative analysis results. The model is applied through three core strategies: (1) integrating art and entrepreneurship curricula, (2) fostering industry-academic collaboration through projects, and (3) establishing university-based art business incubation programs. Quantitative analysis reveals that students demonstrate the highest proficiency in designing art business models. Meanwhile, from an educational perspective, students identify industry mentorship as the most essential component. Other findings also highlighted the need for a more adaptive curriculum, with a project-based learning approach. The proposed model provides a structured framework to bridge arts education with entrepreneurial success, equipping graduates for the dynamic creative economy.

Sociological, Legal, and Psychological Aspects of Social Protection for Individuals Vulnerable to Suicide Due to Psychological Pressure

2025-08-08T12:05:23+00:00

This study examines how sociological, legal, and psychological systems respond to individuals vulnerable to suicide due to sustained psychological distress, particularly in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim is to identify systemic shortcomings in mental health protection and to propose an integrated policy-practice approach for enhancing preventive measures. The study focuses on deficiencies in healthcare accessibility, the legal recognition of psychological vulnerability, and the fragility of community-based support systems. It also considers the accelerating role of digitalization, particularly the emergence of telepsychology and online support platforms. Methodologically, the paper adopts a qualitative meta-analytical approach, drawing upon international legal precedents, sociological theories of social isolation, and psychological research related to suicide risk factors. Comparative case studies from Central Asia, North America, and Europe are employed to assess how different countries structure suicide prevention within policy and practice domains. Instruments such as the SAD PERSONS scale and the Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale are reviewed for their utility in standardizing documentation and early risk detection. The findings reveal significant policy gaps in both preventative care and legal accountability. Many existing systems remain reactive, with delayed responses to early signs of psychological distress. Integrated, rights-based frameworks—those combining legal protection, ethical guidance, and digital innovations—show greater promise in supporting vulnerable individuals. The study concludes by proposing a multidimensional framework that informs both public policy and professional practice. A paradigm shift toward proactive, inclusive, and ethically grounded models of suicide prevention is essential to address the evolving challenges facing at-risk populations in both global and local contexts.

Comparing Lecturers and Students Attitude towards the Role of Generative Artificial Intelligence Systems in Foreign Language Teaching and Learning

2025-04-17T12:26:45+00:00

This paper investigated the difference in the opinions of lecturers and students on the use of generative AI (GenAI) systems in teaching and learning a foreign language. The study also sought to establish the perception and attitude of the foreign language students toward using GenAI in learning the foreign language. The current study employed a quantitative research approach to evaluate the current sample of lecturers and students’ attitudes toward the implementation of Generative AI (GenAI) systems in teaching and learning foreign languages. The sample involved 45 lecturers and 493 postgraduate students in foreign languages from Saudi Arabia. The survey questionnaire contained items based on the UTAUT model, which includes 15 items, of which four are based on performance expectancy, four on effort expectancy, three on social influence, and four on facilitating conditions. The survey took the form of Google Forms shared on social media and email. The data collected was analysed using descriptive statistics, and t-test results were obtained to see the overall influence of two sets of behavioural perceptions of the two groups. A comparative analysis of the attitudes reveals that lecturers had a positive optimism with relative efforts and facilitating conditions needed for the adoption and integration of GenAI in FL education (Mean = 4.29, SD = 0.79, Variance = 0.81, t = 2.45, p= 0.015). On the other hand, the students showed positive acceptance, usage and application of GenAI models in facilitating their academic engagements in FL education (mean = 7.58, sd = 0.42, variance = 0.18, t = 12.75 p = 0.001). It is thus concluded that while university lecturers are careful to fully accept and integrate GenAI models in FL teaching, their students overwhelmingly accept GenAI.